TEST/ANSWER OF CHAPTER 1

                           TEST/ANSWER OF  CHAPTER 1         

Q.1. How is Carbon dioxide produce in our body?

Ans:Our lungs are the most important organs of the respiratory system. In each lung the bronchus divides into smaller tubes called bronchioles. At the end of each bronchiole, tiny air sacs called alveoli are present. Alveoli are surrounded by blood capillaries. When we breathe in, the air enters the lungs and reaches the alveoli. Oxygen of the air passes through the walls of alveoli into the capillaries. The red blood cells carry this oxygen to every cell of our body. Cells in our body use oxygen and food to produce energy and carbon dioxide. The blood brings carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Carbon dioxide leaves our body when we breathe out and this is how carbon dioxide is produce in our body.

Q.2. What are alveoli?

Ans:The trachea divides into two branches called bronchi (singular bronchus). Bronchi carry air into the lungs.In each lung the bronchus divides into smaller tubes called bronchioles. At the end of each bronchiole, tiny air sacs called alveoli are present. Alveoli are surrounded by blood capillaries.

Q.3. How is small intestine important in our digestive system?

Ans:Small intestine is important in our digestive system because final digestion of protein, carbohydrates and fats occur in small intestine.These are the liver, pancreas and wall of the small intestine. The liver provides bile salts to make fats easier to absorb. The pancreas and intestinal walls secrete juices to digest the remaining food. The absorption of the digested food also occurs in the last part of the small intestine. The inner surface of small intestine has many finger-like structures called villi. The digested food passes into the blood through the walls of the villi. The blood carries food particles to all parts of the body.

Q.4. Describe the human respiratory system?

Ans:Respiration is the process by which living organisms use oxygen of air and food to produce energy.The parts of body used in the process of breathing form the respiratory system.

Parts of Respiratory System

 Our respiratory system consists of the nose and throat,the wind pipe (trachea),the breathing muscles and the lungs.

Nose and Throat 

The air enters through our nose or mouth. Our nose has hair and mucous to clean, moisten and warm the air. Mucous is a sticky liquid. Dust particles and germs present in the air stick to the mucous. The air enters the throat and passes through the larynx. Our vocal cords are present in the larynx to produce sound.

Trachea (Windpipe) 

Air passes from the larynx into the trachea or windpipe. Our windpipe is made of C-shaped rings of cartilage. These rings keep our windpipe open. Mucous and tiny hair in the trachea also filter the air.

Bronchi and Lungs

The trachea divides into two branches called bronchi (singular bronchus). Bronchi carry air into the lungs.In each lung the bronchus divides into smaller tubes called bronchioles. At the end of each bronchiole, tiny air sacs called alveoli are present. Alveoli are surrounded by blood capillaries. When we breathe in, the air enters the lungs and reaches the alveoli. Oxygen of the air passes through the walls of alveoli into the capillaries. The red blood cells carry this oxygen to every cell of our body. Cells in our body use oxygen and food to produce energy and carbon dioxide. The blood brings carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Carbon dioxide leaves our body when we breathe out.

Q.5.Write a brief note on Bronchi and Lungs?

Ans:Bronchi and Lungs

 The trachea divides into two branches called bronchi (singular bronchus). Bronchi carry air into the lungs. Our lungs are the most important organs of the respiratory system. In each lung the bronchus divides into smaller tubes called bronchioles. At the end of each bronchiole, tiny air sacs called alveoli are present. Alveoli are surrounded by blood capillaries. When we breathe in, the air enters the lungs and reaches the alveoli. Oxygen of the air passes through the walls of alveoli into the capillaries. The red blood cells carry this oxygen to every cell of our body. Cells in our body use oxygen and food to produce energy and carbon dioxide. The blood brings carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Carbon dioxide leaves our body when we breathe out.]

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